1. What is Special Needs? (Awareness and Acceptance)
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The concept of special needs
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Diagnosis, labeling, and stigma
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The individual pace of each child’s development
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The acceptance process: denial – guilt – grief – adjustment
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Parental emotional reactions
Goal: To help parents understand the situation in a correct and healthy framework
2. Development of Children with Special Needs
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Cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development
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Focusing on strengths
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Setting realistic expectations
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The harms of comparison
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The importance of small progress
Goal: Shifting perspective from “deficits” to “potential”
3. Parental Attitudes and Family Dynamics
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Balance between overprotection and independence
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Discipline, boundaries, and trust
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Sibling relationships
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Family role distribution
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Feelings of guilt and excessive responsibility
Goal: Developing a healthy parenting attitude
4. Communication and Behavior Management
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Effective communication methods with children
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Identifying needs behind behavior
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Supporting positive behaviors
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Dealing with challenging behaviors
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Structured approach instead of punishment
Goal: Acquiring skills that facilitate daily life
5. Education Process and School Collaboration
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Inclusive education
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What is an Individualized Education Plan (IEP)?
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Teacher-parent collaboration
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Educational support at home
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Setting expectations from school
Goal: Enabling parents to take an active and conscious role in the educational process
6. Social Life and Community Participation
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Peer relationships
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Challenges in social environments
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Dealing with stigma and discrimination
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Supporting children’s social skills
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Strengthening social acceptance
Goal: Ensuring the child and family stay connected to social life
7. Parental Psychological Resilience
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Parental burnout
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Feelings of loneliness and hopelessness
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Self-compassion
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Support systems (family, experts, groups)
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The “perfect parent” myth
Goal: Strengthening the parent first
8. Rights, Supports, and Resources
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Educational and health rights
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Guidance and support services
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Official institutions and application processes
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Civil society and solidarity networks
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When to seek expert support?